Infections of the nails by a fungus not only worsens their aesthetic and quality of life of the patient, but can cause serious complications. He is particularly dangerous from this disease for the immuno-compromised and impairment in hormonal background. The treatment of fungal infection is difficult and takes a lot of time. Later, the measurements were taken, the harder it is to get rid of nail parasites, therefore, during the detection of the first signs of the disease must be made as quickly as possible to consult a dermatologist.
The reasons of the appearance of nail fungus
The defeat of the nail plate parasitic fungi-dermatophytes called onychomycosis. The etiology of the disease is related not only to the penetration of the parasite into the body, but with the fastening in the horn of layers, which can not be done without the creation of specific conditions. The main reason for the occurrence of nail fungus is the existence of a conducive environment for the reproduction of micro-organisms. Infection occurs at contact of exposed areas of the body with objects or infected with an infected person.
After contact with parasites on the skin, they are fixed in the superficial layer of the epidermis and begin to spread over the sound skin.
Before the penetration of the fungi into the deeper layers of the disease is asymptomatic, and in the absence of conditions conducive to pathogens expelled again formed of the healthy cells beyond the cornea of the plate. If certain conditions are conducive to the formation of an environment conducive to the increase of the total mass of the mushrooms, the effect of the penetration of the nail plate and the promotion of the nail.
The consequences of nail fungus
In the absence of timely treatment, the fungus spreads on all the nails in good health. The violation of the esthetics of the appearance of the fingers of the hands and feet is by far not the most dangerous is the consequence of the disease. The fungus is a focus of infection that is capable of causing inflammation in the dermis and cause an increase in the sensitivity of the body. As an allergen defender products of microbes, which are highly toxic to the human body.
Secreted by pathogens onychomycosis of biological agents may cause the development of diseases of the body, including very heavy. Under the influence of toxic of biologically active substances may develop the following diseases:
- inflammatory the defeat of the skin is allergic in nature;
- the lesions of the liver;
- acute the whole of the surface of the skin and mucous membranes.
The person with diagnosed diabetes is not only more exposed to the risk of fungal infection, but more often than others suffer from the consequences of a onychomycosis. In diabetics, is celebrated on the violation of the sensitivity of the members, which prevents to detect the first signs of the pathology, and the procrastination in the treatment of the disease in this category of patients is fraught with the infection cracks forming on the skin when the athlete's foot. The most frequent complications of fungal infection of cases of diabetes are the following:
- bone infection;
- gangrene of the lower limbs;
- ulcers on the legs.
Treatment of fungal infection of the nail
The duration of therapy for onichale athlete's foot depends on the stage of the detection of the disease and the nature of its flow. The goal of treatment is eradication (total destruction) of parasitic fungi. The schema of the antifungal therapy is developed a dermatologist on the basis of an evaluation diagnosis, during which the nature of the pathogenic agent of the disease and checks for the presence in the body of other pathogens (when bacterial complications).
The arsenal of methods of treatment includes several ways of destroying the fungi, the appropriateness of which determines the physician on the basis of the measurement of the deformation of the nails. The treatment of nail fungus is one of the following methods:
- Drug – pathology, flowing into the form, are appointed by local antimycotic means (creams, ointments, gels, lotions, lacquers, sprays) as monotherapy, when onychomycosis moderate and severe forms therapeutic framework is complemented by tablets, capsules, oral.
- Laser therapy – shows, with little damage in the absence of co-infections, is an alternative method, which can replace the prolonged intake of drugs.
- Removal of the nail plate – in a radical way the therapy is often recurrent onychomycosis severe forms of the disease.
- Antibiotic – appointed cases complications of fungal disease bacterial infection.
Removal of the interference of the nail
Before the development of modern techniques of drug treatment of fungal infection of the removal of the nail was the only way to get rid of fungal infections. The classical method is affected by the removal of the nail plate is the surgery. Currently this high-traumatic stress disorder and painful way rarely come associated with the risk of development of postoperative complications (wound infection, a long and difficult period of recovery).
Other, less painful methods of removal are pedicure equipment and laser. During these procedures, the plaque softens keratolytic medication and / or layers is removed from the tools (conical mills with an abrasive material to the addition or laser equipment). The disadvantages of these methods include the risk of developing an allergic reaction, infection, incomplete removal of the fungus.
Remove the nail plate, you can, without having recourse to mechanical stress, and using drugs. Drug tools, l for softening the keratin (biomaterial, used in the composition of the nails), are called ceratolici. The mechanism of their action is based on the ability of components major components (urea and fatty acids) to modify the structure of the plate, making it plastic and soft.
Tablets
Tablets of medications are indicated for temperate and tonic fungal disease. The treatment of onychomycosis included mainly 2 groups of antifungal agents – synthesis and allylamines. The effectiveness of the therapy with the application of the means significantly increases, but the tablets should be performed under medical supervision because of the side effects associated with the high-specific action of the antifungal.
Ointments and creams
In the absence of necessity in the system of treatment of fungal infections (in the form of light, the prevalence of the lesion is not more than 2/3 of the place of the nail plate) of the drugs of local action can be applied in monotherapy. Antimycotic ointments and creams to potentiate the effect of the drug, taken inside, this is why institute the use of the system and a local treatment accelerates the healing process.
The medication of nail fungus should refer a dermatologist on the basis of the clinical picture of the disease and in some the diagnosis of the pathogen. If you select a processing tool may be not only ineffective, but dangerous. The advantages of the use of creams and ointments to get rid of the mold are the reduction of side effects, quick resolution of unpleasant symptoms disadvantages – duration of training and inefficiency in the severe forms of the disease.
The treatment of mycosis of the feet and hands, Polish
The action means premises used for the direct application on the nail is an antifungal lacquer. The inclusion in the regimen of varnish does not cancel the use of other dosage forms of the anti-fungal. Regardless of these tools can only be used as a prevention. The advantage of supplementing the therapy of nail Polish is to eliminate surface defects in the modified form of the color or of the deformation, the disadvantage is the high cost of treatment.
The mechanism of action of antifungal drugs in the form of lacquers based on fungicidal properties of components. To strengthen the effectiveness of the means to apply every day on cleansed of keratinized tissue and grease-free plate of the nail (the old layer of varnish, you must remove it with the help of a solvent).
Laser therapy
One of the modern methods of treatment of the fungus is laser therapy the burning of a laser beam fungal colonies in the matrix of the keratin of the plate without the destruction of healthy tissue. The indications for the holding of this procedure may act at any form and phase of onychomycosis. The use of a laser provides the instantaneous death of the parasites and speeds up the healing process. The number of sessions of laser treatment (duration about 30 minutes) is determined as a function of the severity of the lesions. Product handling do not deliver the pain, and almost does not cause side effects.
Treatment of nail fungus folk remedies
The use of recipes of traditional medicine in the treatment of onychomycosis is not only as a way of traditional therapy to enhance its therapeutic effect. If for some reason you can't seek medical help in the detection of symptoms of the fungal infection, it is important to take measures as soon as possible, to not allow the transition of the disease in the severe form (during the terminal phase of self-medication can cause very dangerous).
Because of the prevalence of fungal infections alternative medicine offers many ways to solve this problem with the application inside and outside of the vehicles. The most popular folk remedies for the treatment of nail fungus:
- Vinegar (70% gasoline). Efficient and rapid way is of cooked pasta, vinegar, eggs and butter. In a vessel pour 200 ml of vinegar, lower the whole egg and store it in a dark place. After the dissolution of the eggs it is necessary to filter the liquid and enter 1 tablespoon of the oil. The paste is applied on 12-14 hours under a movie on steamed sites. To measure the softening of the plate, you need to mow until the complete disappearance of the signs of yeast infection.
- Iodine. If, immediately after the detection of the first symptoms of onychomycosis enjoy a way antiseptic, such as iodine, you can resolve the issue by 1-2 of the procedure. In later steps, this method is inefficient. The manipulation are to be applied on the affected areas of iodine until the substance is no longer absorbed. Before the procedure should steam the feet or hands and give allow them to dry completely. At the onset of a strong burning sensation during the treatment, it is necessary to lower the member into a container with cold water.
- The juice of celandine. The plant has a bactericidal effect, which leads to its use for the treatment of fungal diseases. Therapeutic manipulations are performed on the feet or hands. In the juice of the stem of the freshly torn celandine, it is necessary to moisten a cotton pad and apply it to the hit sites, covering the top of the gauze. Daily three times a day the execution of this procedure will help to 2-3 weeks to get rid of the signs of the disease.
- The peroxide of hydrogen. One of the methods helping to quickly resolve a fungal infection is a three-phase procedure with application of hydrogen peroxide. The dead of the surface is first treated with a mixture of vinegar (3%) and hydrogen peroxide (3%) in a ratio of 1 to 1, then the fingers of the dive to 30 seconds. in a very weak solution of sodium hypochlorite. After soaking in the tool it is necessary to wash carefully, dry the fingers of the hands or feet and apply it on the nails the mixture of tea tree oil and vaseline. The duration of treatment is 1 week.
- The dyeing of the milkweed. For the treatment of diseases of the skin and nail pathologies, you can use all varieties of milkweed. To prepare the dye must pour a small amount of raw materials to the boiling water and leave to infuse for 2-3 hours, cooling up to 45-50 degrees of the brew, you need to steam the hands or feet for half an hour. After 3 to 4 weeks procedures day-to-day symptoms of the disease should disappear.
- The tea tree oil. The content of this tool substances such as limonene, alpha-terpinene, sabine, alpha-phellandrene, cineole provides an antiseptic and an anti-inflammatory effect. To destroy the fungi dermatophytes, it is recommended to do it during 8 to 10 weeks, the basins with the addition of 15-20 drops of the oil.
Prevention
The micro-organisms, parasites spread everywhere and completely limit the contact with them is impossible, but by following some precautions, you can reduce the risk of infection. Prevention is a onychomycosis is intended to reduce the likelihood of infection and the strengthening of the protection system in order to prevent institutionalizing the pathogens in the body. Main preventive measures include:
- the regular activities of hygiene, care of the skin of the feet and the palms of the hands;
- get rid of hyperhidrosis stop;
- the elimination of the excessive dryness of the skin;
- the limitation of the contact of the skin open with the objects in places public;
- the daily change of socks, socks, tights, etc;
- wear comfortable shoes and clothing with materials permeable to air;
- the timely treatment, repetitive strain injuries, degenerative changes of the plate;
- respect for the technique of sterilization and disinfection of manicure tools and pedicure;
- the refusal of bad habits;
- the principles of a balanced diet, limiting the consumption of sugary foods;
- periodic (spring and fall) the receipt of a vitamin complex.
You can't ignore the signs of the disease, or try to establish the diagnosis. Most of the applications for medical aid arrives already at a severe stage of the disease, which is related to patient trust in the fact that they may not develop onychomycosis because they respect all the rules listed. Note that even if all the firms recommendations for the prevention of fungal infection of the probability of infection is reduced, but risk of infection remains all the same.